In news– Jyotirgamaya, a festival showcasing the talents of unsung performers has been concluded at Kamani Auditorium New Delhi recently.
What is the Jyotirgamaya festival?
- It is a unique festival to showcase the talent of rare musical instruments from across the country, including street performers, train entertainers, performers attached to temples, etc.
- As part of Azadi Ka Amrit Mahotsav and on the occasion of World Music Day, Sangeet Natak Akademi organised this festival.
- The 5 day festival showcased the talent of unsung performers from all corners of the country. Each day 15 performers displayed their artistry.
- This was achieved through a social media campaign whereby entrants were asked to send a small clip of their performance.
- The entries were reviewed and a total of 75 performances were selected after considering the recommendations of eminent musicians and several institutions of repute.
About World Music Day-
- The Fête de la Musique, also known in English as Music Day, Make Music Day or World Music Day, is an annual music celebration that takes place on 21 June.
- The day cherishes the spirit of music, the vibrancy of vocals and the melody of instruments.
- The day was first celebrated as Fete de la Musique in France in the year 1982.
- It was organised by the then French Minister of Art and Culture, Jack Lange, and a French composer, Maurice Fleuret.
- The theme for World Music Day 2022 was “Music on the intersections”.
Musical instruments of India and their history-
- Natya Shastra by Bharat Muni (composed between 200 BC and 200 AD) clubbed musical instruments into four groups:
- Avanaddha Vadya (membranophones or percussion instruments), example-drum, mridangam.
- Ghan Vadya (idiophones or solid instruments).
- Sushir Vadya (aerophones or wind instruments), example- harmonium, shehnai or flute.
- Tat Vadya (chordophones or stringed instruments), example- veena, sarangi.
- This ancient classification given by Bharat Muni for the musical instruments of India was later adapted in 12th century Europe and used for the classification of the Musical Instruments of Europe.
- Later, Greek labels were assigned to the four classifications – Chordophones for Tat Vadya, Membranophones for Avanaddha Vadya, Aerophones for Sushir Vadya, and Autophones for Ghan Vadya. Thus, the western system of classification is based on the ancient Indian Natya Shastra.
- Ancient Indian statues and paintings show the use of musical instruments similar to what we see today.
- As many different materials are used in the manufacturing process, including leather, wood, metal, and pottery the making of musical instruments requires great skill and also a basic knowledge of music and acoustical principles.
- The Indian Classical Musical system has two major traditions – Hindustani and Carnatic. Additionally, there are several other traditions such as folk, tribal, etc.
- Instruments typically used in Hindustani music include the sitar, sarod, surbahar, esraj, veena, tanpura, bansuri, shehnai, sarangi, violin, santoor, pakhavaj and tabla.
- Instruments typically used in Carnatic music include veena, venu, gottuvadyam, harmonium, mridangam, kanjira, ghatam, nadaswaram and violin.
Source: PIB
