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Home Geography

Warming of Barents Sea

June 20, 2022
in Geography
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Warming of Barents Sea
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In news- According to a study, parts of the Arctic region near Norway are warming at as much as seven times the rate of warming in the rest of the world.

Key highlights of the study-

  • Such intense warming has never been observed in the Arctic region before.
  • The study was published by the Norwegian Meteorological Institute in the journal Scientific Reports.
  • It said the region around the northern Barents Sea, a shallow shelf sea north of Scandinavia, has been warming two to two-and-a-half times the average warming of the Arctic region and five to seven times the warming in the rest of the world.
  • In just the last 20 years, the average temperature northeast of the Norwegian archipelago of Svalbard has increased by more than five degrees Celsius.

  • The researchers collected and analysed a new large dataset of observations from weather stations on Svalbard and the Russian archipelago of Franz Josef Land in the northern Barents Sea.
  • The dataset has temperature observations from northern and eastern Svalbard for the first time.
  • The scientists have also used the new climate dataset CARRA, which combines observations with climate models.
  • It was already well known that the Arctic is the fastest warming region in the world and the reason for this is a closed loop of melting sea ice and faster warming.
  • Lightning strikes, which were once rare in the region, have increased by eight times in the last decade.  
  • The warming of the region since the 1980s has resulted in the northward shift and increase in abundance of Atlantic fish species and a decrease in the abundance of Arctic fish species.
  • The warming of the Barents Sea also led to an extreme snowfall event, often dubbed as the ‘Beast from the East’, across most of Europe in 2018.
  • The extreme weather events south of the Arctic are linked to the region’s warming through the Arctic jet stream. 

What is Atlantification?

  • Atlantification is the increasing influence of Atlantic water in the Arctic. 
  • The Arctic Ocean is becoming warmer and saltier and sea-ice is disappearing as a result.
  • The increasing influence of Atlantic water flowing into the Arctic Ocean and the loss of stratification causes the warm Atlantic water to mix with the fresh water at the surface. 
  • As the halocline weakens, heat from the Atlantic water reaches the surface and this warming of the surface water causes a retreat in sea-ice in winter and a total absence of sea-ice in summer. 
  • The loss of winter sea-ice means that the cold freshwater layer at the surface is not replenished in summer by melting ice. 
  • This causes a weaker definition between the layers in the ocean and a stronger mixing of Atlantic water. 
  • Also, the loss of sea-ice increases the influence of wind, which mixes the ocean water when there is no ice floating on top.
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Source: Down to Earth
Tags: NewspaperPrelims

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