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Home Science & Tech

UNESCO Science report, 2021

June 14, 2021
in Science & Tech
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In news- The UNESCO Science Report, 2021 has been published.

Highlights of the report-

  • During the period from 2014 to 2018, spending on science worldwide increased by nearly 20 per cent.
  • The number of scientists rose some 13.7 per cent, a trend that was further boosted by the COVID-19 pandemic. 
  • Just two countries – the United States and China, accounted for nearly two-thirds of this increase, or roughly 63 per cent. 
  • Four out of five countries fall far behind, investing less than one per cent of their GDP in scientific research. 
  • The fields of artificial intelligence (AI) and robotics have been particularly dynamic.
  • Research has surged in lower middle-income countries, rising from just under 13 per cent in 2015, to more than 25 percent in 2019.
  • Critical areas such as carbon capture and storage, have received less investment.
  • Open access to research remains a challenge as more than 70 per cent of publications remain largely inaccessible to the majority of researchers. 
  • Only a third of researchers are women and account for only 22 percent of the workforce in AI.  

Statistics on India-

Research spending as a share of India’s GDP in 2019 — 0.70%

Start-ups in India in 2019 — 17,390

Publications on AI and robotic in 2019 — 26,779

Engineering and technology students as a share of all Indian students in higher education in 2018 — 11.4%

About UNESCO Science report-

  • The UNESCO Science Report is a global monitoring report published regularly by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. 
  • It was launched in 1993 under the name of World Science Report.
  • It is published every five years in the month of November and since 1993, six reports have been published. 
  • The series monitors the evolution of the support system for science, technology and innovation worldwide over time.
  • The recent report was due for release in November 2020 but got postponed due to COVID pandemic.
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Source: The Hindu
Tags: PrelimsThe Hindu

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