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Tolkāppiyam

December 30, 2021
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In news- The Minister of State for Education released the Hindi translation of Tolkāppiyam and the Kannada translations of 9 books of Classical Tamil literature recently.

About Tolkāppiyam-

  • Tolkappiyam is the most ancient extant Tamil grammar text and the oldest extant long work of Tamil literature. 
  • It is a comprehensive text on grammar, and includes sutras on orthography, phonology, etymology, morphology, semantics, prosody, sentence structure and the significance of context in language.
  • The surviving manuscripts of the Tolkappiyam consists of three books, each with nine chapters, with a cumulative total of 1,612 sutras in the nūṛpā meter.
  • The three books are -the Eluttatikaram (“Eluttu” meaning “letter, phoneme”), the Sollatikaram (“Sol” meaning “Sound, word”) and the Porulatikaram (“Porul” meaning “subject matter”, i.e. prosody, rhetoric, poetics).
  • There is no firm evidence to assign the authorship of this treatise to any one author. 
  • Tholkapiyam, some traditionally believe, was written by a single author named Tholkappiyar, a disciple of Vedic sage Agastya mentioned in the Rigveda (1500–1200 BCE). 
  • Some in the Tamil tradition place the text in the mythical second sangam, variously in 1st millennium BCE or earlier. 
  • According to the traditional legend, the original grammar was called Agathiam written down by sage Agastya, but it went missing after a great deluge.

 

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Source: PIB
Tags: PIBPrelims

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