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Home Environment

State of the World’s Trees Report

September 4, 2021
in Environment
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State of the World’s Trees Report
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In news– Botanic Gardens Conservation International (BGCI) has released the State of the World’s Trees report recently.

About  State of the World’s Trees report

    • As per the report,17,500 tree species out of 60,000(around 30% ) known tree species face extinction.
    • It says Some 142 species have already vanished from the wild, while 442 are on the very edge of extinction, with fewer than 50 individual trees remaining.
    • The report says that the number of threatened tree species is double the number of threatened mammals, birds, amphibians and reptiles combined.
    • Most risk trees: Among the most at-risk trees are species including magnolias and dipterocarps, which are commonly found in Southeast Asian rainforests. 
    • Oak trees, maple trees and ebonies also face threats.
  • Top 6 countries with highest risk:
      • It revealed that thousands of varieties of trees in the world’s top six countries for tree-species diversity are at risk of extinction. 
      • The greatest single number is in Brazil, where 1,788 species are at risk.
      • The other five countries are Indonesia, Malaysia, China, Colombia and Venezuela.
  • Climate change and extreme weather are emerging threats.
    • At least 180 tree species are directly threatened by rising seas and severe weather, especially island species such as magnolias in the Caribbean.
    • Though megadiverse countries see the greatest numbers of varieties at risk of extinction, island tree species are more proportionally at risk.
  • The biggest threats to trees globally are:
  • Forest clearance for crops (impacting 29% of species).
  • Timber logging (27%).
  • Clearance for livestock grazing or farming (14%).
  • Clearance for development (13%).
  • Fire (13%).
    • Energy production & mining(9%).
    • Wood & pulp plantation(6%).
    • Invasive & other problematic species(5%).
    • Climate change(4%).

Trees at particular risk of extinction include:

  • Large tropical trees known as dipterocarps that are being lost due to the expansion of palm oil plantations
  • Oak trees lost to farming and development in parts of Mexico, Chile and Argentina
  • Ebony and rosewood trees being felled for timber in Madagascar
  • Magnolia trees at threat from unsustainable plant collecting
  • Trees such as ash that are dying from pests and diseases in the UK and North America

Actions suggested-

The experts are calling for a number of actions, including:

  • Preserving existing forests and expanding protected areas (currently at least 64% of all tree species can be found in at least one protected area)
  • Keeping threatened species in botanic gardens or seed banks in the hope they can one day be returned to the wild (currently about 30% of all trees are backed up in this way)
  • Providing education to ensure reforestation and tree planting schemes are carried out scientifically, with the right tree in the right place, including rare and threatened species
  • Increasing funding for tree conservation.

Botanic Gardens Conservation International (BGCI)

  • BGCI is a membership organisation, representing botanic gardens in more than 100 countries around the world.
  • It is an independent UK charity established in 1987 to link the botanic gardens of the world in a global network for plant conservation.
  • Its vision is a world in which plant diversity is valued, secure and supporting all life.
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Source: Indian Express
Tags: NewspaperPrelims

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