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Home Science & Tech

Rice blast disease

April 14, 2020
in Science & Tech
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Researchers from ICAR-National Rice Research Institute (NRRI), Odisha have mapped out the diverse genes in rice that help in disease resistance.

Diseases and findings:

  • Magnaporthegriseaalso known as rice blast fungus, rice rotten neck, rice seedling blight, blast of rice, oval leaf spot of graminea, pitting disease, ryegrass blast, and Johnson spot, is a plant-pathogenic fungus that causes a serious disease affecting rice
  • By characterising over 150 rice varieties from nine States across the country researchers have identified new markers associated with blast resistance.
  • The present study showed that the rice landraces collected from north-eastern states of India had the highest resistance.
  • The rice varieties also have different resistant/susceptible behaviors under specific ecological conditions.
  • Fungicides are very expensive, environmentally harmful and may cause health problems due to unsuitable application.
  • The rapid changes in pathogenic virulence represents a constant challenge to the production of current rice immune to blast.
  • The fungus causes injuries to the leaves, stems, peduncles, panicles, seeds and even the roots.
  • Thus, new generic blast-resistant genes / alleles in rice germplasm such as landraces, wild rice, etc. are always needed.
  • The potential threat of crop failure from this disease is very high.
  • Other herbs, including crabgrass are infected by closely related fungi, that cause their respective hosts almost identical symptoms.

 

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