• 9964432222
  • Mail Us
  • Appointment
  • Locate Us
  • Chat Now
  • Courses
  • Login
  • Register
Manifest IAS
JournalsOfIndia
Advertisement
  • Home
  • Economy
  • Foreign Affairs
  • Science & Tech
  • Environment
  • Law & Policy
  • History
No Result
View All Result
  • Home
  • Economy
  • Foreign Affairs
  • Science & Tech
  • Environment
  • Law & Policy
  • History
No Result
View All Result
  • 9964432222
  • Mail Us
  • Appointment
  • Locate Us
  • Chat Now
  • Courses
JournalsOfIndia
No Result
View All Result
Home Science & Tech

Neutrino project

April 22, 2020
in Science & Tech
Reading Time: 3min read
0
0
SHARES
44
VIEWS
Share on TelegramShare on Facebook

Context: The India based Neutrino Observatory (INO) is being planned in the Theni district in Tamil Nadu.

  • In December 2017, the Cabinet Committee on Security cleared the India-based Neutrino Observatory project, to be built at an investment of Rs 1,500 crore. 
  • It is to be built at Pottipuram village, in Theni district, near the Tamil Nadu-Kerala border. 
  • It is an underground project and will comprise a complex of caverns. The main cavern, which will house the huge neutrino detector [50-kilo tonnes magnetised iron calorimeter], will be 130 m long, 26 m wide, and 30 m high. Two smaller caverns will be used for setting up experiments for neutrino double detector and dark matter. Approach to this complex will be by a 2km long tunnel.
  • The India-based Neutrino Observatory (INO) will study atmospheric neutrinos only. Solar neutrinos have much lower energy than the detector can detect. Atmospheric neutrinos are produced from cosmic rays which consist of protons and heavy nuclei. These collide with atmospheric molecules such as Nitrogen to give off pions and muons which further decay to produce neutrinos
  • The mountain consists of 1km of solid rock that filters away most of the charged particles from the cosmic rays. The filtered set consists of a part of the incident cosmic ray protons and pions and practically all the neutrinos.
  • If the detector was placed at the surface of the mountain, it would pick up billions of cosmic ray muons every hour and about 10 neutrino events per day. After placing inside the rock, it would detect only 300 muon events per hour and about 10 neutrino events per day of which 3 will be the desired muon neutrino events.
  • The Tata Institute of Fundamental Research is the nodal institution. The observatory is to be built jointly with the Department of Atomic Energy and the Department of Science and Technology.
  • Most of the neutrino detectors are at latitudes over 35 deg. It is possible to push such a detector down to almost 8 deg latitude in South India, within proximity to the Equator. This permits neutrino astronomy searches covering the whole celestial sky and study of solar neutrinos passing through the Earth’s core.
  • Locals fear that the excavation and blasts needed to bore the tunnel in the mountains will endanger the biodiversity of the Western Ghats.   Some of the concerns voiced range from radiation, structural damage to the mountain to emission of hazardous chemicals. Scientists have junked all these claims as baseless and unfounded.

Neutrinos

  • Neutrinos are the smallest particles that form the universe.
  • Atoms are made of proton, neutron and electron and neutrino is not a part of the atom 
  • It has very little mass, no charge, half spin
  • It interacts weekly with matter 
  • Source can be solar system, other stars, cosmic rays , they can also be produced in lab
  • 3 flavours- electron neutrino, Tau neutrino, muon neutrino. They can change from one flavour to another as they travel which is called as neutrino oscillation

Applications of such project 

  • They give us information about the interior of the sun. 
  • they can be used in astronomy to discover what the universe is made up of.
  • give us a clue about the origin of the universe and the early stages 
  • INO detectors may have applications in medical imaging.

Other countries who have neutrino facility 

Underground Canada, Kamioka in Japan and Gran Sasso, Italy

Underwater Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station, Antarctica.  Antares – under Mediterranean sea off-coast of Toulon, France.

Tags: Prelims

Related Posts

Million Minds Augmenting National Aspirations and Knowledge (MANAK)

Million Minds Augmenting National Aspirations and Knowledge (MANAK)

January 19, 2021
Gender Advancement for Transforming Institutions (GATI)

Gender Advancement for Transforming Institutions (GATI)

January 19, 2021
Hydroponic

Hydroponic

January 18, 2021
FSSAI Regulation of Trans Fats

FSSAI Regulation of Trans Fats

January 18, 2021
CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute

CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute

January 16, 2021
Decoding a meteorite

Decoding a meteorite

January 16, 2021
Tejas 1A

Tejas 1A

January 15, 2021
National Innovation Foundation

National Innovation Foundation

January 15, 2021
Vigyan Jyoti and Engage with Science (Vigyan Prasar)

Vigyan Jyoti and Engage with Science (Vigyan Prasar)

January 14, 2021
Medical Model of Disability Vs  Social Model of Disability

Medical Model of Disability Vs Social Model of Disability

January 14, 2021
Please login to join discussion

Browse by Category

  • Agriculture
  • Disaster Management
  • Economy
  • Environment
  • Ethics
  • Foreign Affairs
  • Geography
  • Governance
  • History
  • Law & Policy
  • Opinion
  • People in News
  • Places in News
  • Science & Tech
  • Security
  • Society

Browse by Tags

AIR Big Picture GS-1 GS-2 GS-3 GS-4 Kurukshetra Mains News Paper PIB Prelims RSTV Yojana
JournalsOfIndia

Our vision is to orient the readers to grasp the facts objectively and analyse critically. In the rush of reaching first to the readers, the websites miss the balanced opinion, which is the need of the hour. We aim to reach the readers with more crispness, preciseness and relevance. We bring the articles in UPSC way for the civil services aspirants and the Wisest Way for general readers.

Categories

  • Agriculture
  • Disaster Management
  • Economy
  • Environment
  • Ethics
  • Foreign Affairs
  • Geography
  • Governance
  • History
  • Law & Policy
  • Opinion
  • People in News
  • Places in News
  • Science & Tech
  • Security
  • Society

Browse by Tag

AIR Big Picture GS-1 GS-2 GS-3 GS-4 Kurukshetra Mains News Paper PIB Prelims RSTV Yojana

Newsletter

The most important UPSC news and events of the day.

Get Journals daily newsletter on your inbox.

© 2020 JournalsOfIndia - A free initiative by Manifest Team.

  • Login
  • Sign Up
  • Home
  • Prelims Snippets
  • Mains Articles
  • Economy
  • Society
  • Foreign Affairs
  • Science & Tech
  • Environment
  • Agriculture
  • History
  • Law & Policy
  • Security
  • Course Portal
  • Prelims Test Portal
No Result
View All Result

© 2020 JournalsOfIndia - A free initiative by Manifest Team.

Welcome Back!

Login to your account below

Forgotten Password? Sign Up

Create New Account!

Fill the forms bellow to register

All fields are required. Log In

Retrieve your password

Please enter your username or email address to reset your password.

Log In