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Home Science & Tech

Lassa fever

February 15, 2022
in Science & Tech
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Lassa fever
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In news–  One of the three persons diagnosed with Lassa fever in the UK has died on February 11.

About Lassa fever-

  • It is an acute viral haemorrhagic illness caused by Lassa virus, a member of the arena-virus Family of viruses. 
  • The Lassa virus is named after a town in Nigeria where the first cases were discovered in 1969.
  • The virus is a single-stranded RNA virus belonging to the virus family Arenaviridae.
  • The fever is spread by rats and is endemic in the rodent population in parts of West Africa – Benin, Ghana, Guinea, Liberia, Mali, Sierra Leone, Togo and Nigeria.
  • Symptoms typically appear 1-3 weeks after exposure. 
  • Mild symptoms include slight fever, fatigue, weakness and headache and more serious symptoms include bleeding, difficulty breathing, vomiting, facial swelling, pain in the chest, back, and abdomen and shock.
  • Death can occur from two weeks of the onset of symptoms, usually as a result of multi-organ failure. 

  • Humans usually become infected with Lassa virus through exposure to food or household items contaminated with urine or faeces of infected Mastomys rats.
  • It can also be spread, though rarely, if a person comes in contact with a sick person’s infected bodily fluids or through mucous membranes such as the eyes, nose or the mouth.
  • Person-to-person infections and laboratory transmission can also occur, particularly in health care settings in the absence of adequate infection prevention and control measures.
  • The overall case-fatality rate is 1%. Among patients who are hospitalized with the severe clinical presentation of Lassa fever, case-fatality is estimated at around 15%.
  • Early supportive care with rehydration and symptomatic treatment improves survival.
  • About 80% of people who become infected with Lassa virus have no symptoms. 
  • 1 in 5 infections result in severe disease, where the virus affects several organs such as the liver, spleen and kidneys.
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Source: The Indian Express
Tags: NewspaperPrelims

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