• 9964432222
  • Mail Us
  • Appointment
  • Locate Us
  • Chat Now
  • Courses
  • Login
  • Register
Manifest IAS
JournalsOfIndia
Manifest Learning Academy
  • Home
  • SNIPPETSfor Prelims
  • ARTICLESfor Mains
  • BROWSEBY SOURCE
  • DOWNLOADS
No Result
View All Result
  • Home
  • SNIPPETSfor Prelims
  • ARTICLESfor Mains
  • BROWSEBY SOURCE
  • DOWNLOADS
No Result
View All Result
JournalsOfIndia
No Result
View All Result
Home Science & Tech

International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor

February 2, 2021
in Science & Tech
Reading Time: 4 mins read
0
International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor
164
VIEWS
Share on WhatsAppShare on TelegramShare on Facebook
image_pdfMake PDF

In News: Assembly of the world’s largest nuclear fusion reactor began in France, It is known as the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor or ITER.

What ?

  • The  ITER project is a joint effort by countries such as Japan, India, the European Union, the United States, Russia, China and South Korea. It was launched in 2006, has a five-year assembly phase and plans to reach its maximum power output by 2035.
  • ITER will be the first fusion device to produce net energy. ITER will be the first fusion device to maintain fusion for long periods of time. 
  • And ITER will be the first fusion device to test the integrated technologies, materials, and physics regimes necessary for the commercial production of fusion-based electricity.
  • Thousands of engineers and scientists have contributed to the design of ITER since the idea for an international joint experiment in fusion was first launched in 1985. 
  • The ITER Members—China, the European Union, India, Japan, Korea, Russia and the United States—are now engaged in a 35-year collaboration to build and operate the ITER experimental device, and together bring fusion to the point where a demonstration fusion reactor can be designed.

Significance of ITER

  • ITER will be the first fusion device to produce net energy.
  • ITER will be the first fusion device to maintain fusion for long periods of time.
  • ITER will be the first fusion device to test the integrated technologies, materials, and physics regimes necessary for the commercial production of fusion-based electricity.

The project is funded and run by seven member entities

  • The European Union, China, India, Japan, Russia, South Korea and the United States.

What Will ITER Do?

  • Produce 500 MW of fusion power
  • Demonstrate the integrated operation of technologies for a fusion power plant
  • Achieve a deuterium-tritium plasma in which the reaction is sustained through internal heating
  • Test tritium breeding
  • Demonstrate the safety characteristics of a fusion device.

What Is Fusion?

  • Fusion is the energy source of the Sun and stars. In the tremendous heat and gravity at the core of these stellar bodies, hydrogen nuclei collide, fuse into heavier helium atoms and release tremendous amounts of energy in the process.
  • Twentieth-century fusion science identified the most efficient fusion reaction in the laboratory setting to be the reaction between two hydrogen isotopes, deuterium (D) and tritium (T). The DT fusion reaction produces the highest energy gain at the “lowest” temperatures.
  • Three conditions must be fulfilled to achieve fusion in a laboratory
    • very high temperature (on the order of 150,000,000° Celsius); 
    • sufficient plasma particle density (to increase the likelihood that collisions do occur); 
    • sufficient confinement time (to hold the plasma, which has a propensity to expand, within a defined volume).
  • At extreme temperatures, electrons are separated from nuclei and a gas becomes a plasma—often referred to as the fourth state of matter. Fusion plasmas provide the environment in which light elements can fuse and yield energy.
  • In a tokamak device, powerful magnetic fields are used to confine and control the plasma.

What Is A Tokamak?

  • The tokamak is an experimental machine designed to harness the energy of fusion. Inside a tokamak, the energy produced through the fusion of atoms is absorbed as heat in the walls of the vessel. Just like a conventional power plant, a fusion power plant will use this heat to produce steam and then electricity by way of turbines and generators.
  • The heart of a tokamak is its doughnut-shaped vacuum chamber. 
    • Inside, under the influence of extreme heat and pressure, gaseous hydrogen fuel becomes a plasma—the very environment in which hydrogen atoms can be brought to fuse and yield energy. 
    • The charged particles of the plasma can be shaped and controlled by the massive magnetic coils placed around the vessel; physicists use this important property to confine the hot plasma away from the vessel walls. 
    • The term “tokamak” comes to us from a Russian acronym that stands for “toroidal chamber with magnetic coils.”
  • First developed by Soviet research in the late 1960s, the tokamak has been adopted around the world as the most promising configuration of magnetic fusion devices. 
  • ITER will be the world’s largest tokamak—twice the size of the largest machine currently in operation, with ten times the plasma chamber volume.
image_pdfMake PDF
Source: PIB and iter.org
Tags: PIBPrelims

Related Posts

What is the Large Hadron Collider?

What is the Large Hadron Collider?

July 5, 2022
‘IDIOT’ syndrome

‘IDIOT’ syndrome

July 4, 2022
Fujian-new high tech aircraft carrier of China

Fujian-new high tech aircraft carrier of China

July 4, 2022
PSLV Orbital Experimental Module (POEM)

PSLV Orbital Experimental Module (POEM)

July 2, 2022
GEMCOVAC-19, India’s first mRNA Covid-19 vaccine

GEMCOVAC-19, India’s first mRNA Covid-19 vaccine

July 2, 2022
CAPSTONE, NASA’s new satellite

CAPSTONE, NASA’s new satellite

July 1, 2022
Microbialcreat composite

Microbialcreat composite

June 30, 2022
Psyche mission

Psyche mission

June 29, 2022
VL-SRSAM missile system

VL-SRSAM missile system

June 28, 2022
Wind Energy potential in India

Wind Energy potential in India

June 27, 2022
Please login to join discussion

Our Offline Classroom Student

PRELIMS 2021 POLITY QUESTIONS ANALYSED

https://youtu.be/5q8hBcRGhAs

PRELIMS 2021 HISTORY QUESTIONS ANALYSED

https://youtu.be/v0SIZ7SUybg

CONGRATULATIONS TO 2021 TOPPERS !!!

Rank 171 Kumar Shivashish
Rank 250 Sahithya
Rank 263 Sumit Kumar Thakur
Rank 311 Deepak Ramachandra Shet
Rank 455 Ravinandan B M

July 2022
MTWTFSS
 123
45678910
11121314151617
18192021222324
25262728293031
« Jun    

Browse by Category

  • Agriculture
  • Disaster Management
  • Economy
  • Environment
  • Ethics
  • Foreign Affairs
  • Geography
  • Governance
  • History
  • Law & Policy
  • Opinion
  • People in News
  • Places in News
  • Science & Tech
  • Security
  • Society
  • Sports
  • Uncategorized

Browse by Tags

AIR BBC Business Standard CNN Deccan Herald DownToEarth Down to Earth DTE Economic Times ET GS-1 GS-2 GS-3 GS-4 Hindustan Times IE India & the world Indian express India today Indiatoday Kurukshetra LiveMint Mains News Newspaper News Paper PIB PIB & The Hindu pre Prelims PRS India RSTV Science Reporter Survey The Hindu The Hindustan Times The India Express The Indian Express The New Indian Express Times of India TOI TOPPERS UNDP website Wikipedia Yojana
JournalsOfIndia

Our vision is to orient the readers to grasp the facts objectively and analyse critically. In the rush of reaching first to the readers, the websites miss the balanced opinion, which is the need of the hour. We aim to reach the readers with more crispness, preciseness and relevance. We bring the articles in UPSC way for the civil services aspirants and the Wisest Way for general readers.

Categories

  • Agriculture
  • Disaster Management
  • Economy
  • Environment
  • Ethics
  • Foreign Affairs
  • Geography
  • Governance
  • History
  • Law & Policy
  • Opinion
  • People in News
  • Places in News
  • Science & Tech
  • Security
  • Society
  • Sports
  • Uncategorized

Browse by Tag

AIR BBC Business Standard CNN Deccan Herald DownToEarth Down to Earth DTE Economic Times ET GS-1 GS-2 GS-3 GS-4 Hindustan Times IE India & the world Indian express India today Indiatoday Kurukshetra LiveMint Mains News Newspaper News Paper PIB PIB & The Hindu pre Prelims PRS India RSTV Science Reporter Survey The Hindu The Hindustan Times The India Express The Indian Express The New Indian Express Times of India TOI TOPPERS UNDP website Wikipedia Yojana

Newsletter

The most important UPSC news and events of the day.

Get Journals daily newsletter on your inbox.

© 2020 JournalsOfIndia - A free initiative by Manifest Team.

  • Login
  • Sign Up
  • Home
  • SNIPPETS
  • ARTICLES
  • BROWSE
  • DOWNLOADS
No Result
View All Result

© 2020 JournalsOfIndia - A free initiative by Manifest Team.

Welcome Back!

Login to your account below

Forgotten Password? Sign Up

Create New Account!

Fill the forms bellow to register

All fields are required. Log In

Retrieve your password

Please enter your username or email address to reset your password.

Log In