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Home Science & Tech

H5N1 avian influenza

July 22, 2021
in Science & Tech
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H5N1 avian influenza
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In news- On July 21, an 11-year-old boy died of H5N1 avian influenza in Delhi, which is the first recorded death due to the bird flu in India this year. 

About Avian influenza/ Bird flu-

  • It is a disease caused by avian influenza Type A viruses found naturally in wild birds worldwide. 
  • The virus can infect domestic poultry including chickens, ducks, turkeys and there have been reports of H5N1 infection among pigs, cats, and even tigers in Thailand.
  • Avian Influenza type A viruses are classified based on two proteins on their surfaces – Hemagglutinin(HA) and Neuraminidase(NA). 
  • There are about 18 HA subtypes and 11 NA subtypes. 
  • There have been reports of avian and swine influenza infections in humans including A(H1N1), A(H1N2), A(H5N1), A(H7N9), etc…
  • The first report of human H5N1 infection was in 1997 and currently, over 700 human cases of Asian Highly Pathogenic Asian Avian Influenza A (HPAI) H5N1 virus have been reported to the World Health Organisation from 16 countries. 
  • The infection is deadly as it has a high mortality rate of about 60%.
  • The most common route of virus transmission is direct contact — when a person comes in close contact with infected birds, either dead or alive.
  • The flu spreads from the saliva, mucus and faeces of the infected birds.
  • Humans can also be affected if they come in contact with contaminated surfaces or air near the infected poultry. 
  • The transmission of the virus from birds to humans is rare and sustained human-to-human transmission has not yet been established.
  • There is no sufficient evidence suggesting the spread of the virus through properly cooked meat.
  • Signs and symptoms include fever, cough, sore throat, muscle aches, nausea, abdominal pain, diarrhea, vomiting, Severe respiratory illness and Neurological changes.
  • Children and adults below 40 were seen to be the most affected and mortality was high in 10-19 years olds.
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Source: Indian Express
Tags: News PaperPrelims

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