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Home Environment

Existing Ramsar sites in India

April 1, 2020
in Environment
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  • According to India State of Forest Report, 2019, the country has 62,466 wetlands covering 3.83 per cent of its recorded forest area. A total of 37 sites (including 10 recent added) in India have been recognised under the convention.

  • Newly added Ramsar sites:
  • The new Ramsar sites of India are in three states – Uttar Pradesh (Nawabganj, Parvati Agra, Saman, Samaspur, Sandi and Sarsai Nawar), Maharashtra (Nauru Madhameshwar) and Punjab (Keshopur-Miani, Beas Conservation Reserve and Nangal).
  • In Maharashtra:
  • NandurMadhmeshwar Bird Sanctuary is located at Niphad Tehsil of Nashik District, known as the Bharatpur of Maharashtra. It’s Maharashtra’s first Ramsar site. It lies on the bank of river Godavari.
  • In Punjab
  • Keshopur-Miani Community Reserve
    • The Reserve is a mosaic of natural marshes, aquaculture ponds and agricultural wetlands maintained by the annual rainfall runoff.
    • The site is an example of wise use of a community-managed wetland, which provides food for people and supports local biodiversity.
    • Threatened species present include the vulnerable Common pochard and the endangered spotted Pond turtle.
  • Beas conservation reserve:
    • The Beas Conservation Reserve is a 185-kilometre stretch of the Beas River located primarily in the north-west of the State of Punjab.
    • The Reserve hosts the only known population in India of the endangered Indus river dolphin (Platanista gangetica minor).
    • Further threatened species include the endangered Masheer and Hog deer as well as the vulnerable smooth-coated otter.
    • In 2017, a programme was initiated to re-introduce the critically endangered gharial with 47 individuals released into the river 30 years after their disappearance.
  • Nangal wetland
    • The Nangal wetland draws sustenance from the Sutlej River (like Harike and Ropar).
    • It is home to resident as well as migratory birds including the red jungle fowl, large Indian parakeet, Indian cuckoo, wood shrike, yellow-eyed babbler and crested bunting.
    • The migratory bird, Sarus crane has also been sighted
    • The wetland also houses threatened species like the Indian pangolin and an important habitat for the smooth Indian otter, the hog deer and the sambar.
  • Uttar Pradesh
  • Nawabganj
    • Nawabganj Bird Sanctuary, renamed in 2015 as Shahid Chandra Shekhar Azad Bird Sanctuary, is a bird sanctuary located in Unnao district of UP.
    • The sanctuary provides protection for 250 species of migratory birds mostly from CIS (or formerly USSR).
  • Parvati Arga
    • Parvati Arga Bird Sanctuary is situated in the Gonda District.
    • It sustains resident birds throughout the year and migratory birds during winter season.
    • It was a part of the Saryu River.
    • As the river changed its flow path these lakes were left as its remains.
    • Thus the sanctuary consists of two lakes, Parvati and Arga, situated about 1.5 km apart and both are oxbow lakes.
  • Saman
    • Saman Bird Sanctuary is in the Mainpuri district.
    • The sanctuary is best suited for Bird safari.
  • Sandi
    • Sandi Bird sanctuary is situated in Hardoi district and the Garra river formerly known as Garun Ganga, passes near the sanctuary.
    • This sanctuary has been listed as an “important bird area” by the Bombay Natural History Society.
    • It is also called “Deher Jheel” in common parlance.
    • In the past, the rare Siberian white crane Grus leucogeranus has been spotted here.
  • Sarsai Nawar
    • Sarsai Nawar Wetland is a bird sanctuary in Etawah district.
    • It is the roosting area of the largest flock of Sarus Crane Grus Antigone in the region.
    • The name of the lake is derived from the Sarus (Sarsai from Sarus, and Nawar meaning shallow wetland).
    • Three resident species of storks, namely the Painted Mycteria leucocephala, Wooly-necked or White-necked Ciconia episcopus and Black-necked Ephippiorhynchus asiaticus feed in the lake throughout the year.
    • The wetland is unusual in that the principal vegetation is Cyperus rotundus and there is no emergent vegetation.

 

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