• 9964432222
  • Mail Us
  • Appointment
  • Locate Us
  • Chat Now
  • Courses
  • Login
  • Register
Manifest IAS
JournalsOfIndia
Manifest Learning Academy
  • Home
  • SNIPPETSfor Prelims
  • ARTICLESfor Mains
  • BROWSEBY SOURCE
  • DOWNLOADS
No Result
View All Result
  • Home
  • SNIPPETSfor Prelims
  • ARTICLESfor Mains
  • BROWSEBY SOURCE
  • DOWNLOADS
No Result
View All Result
JournalsOfIndia
No Result
View All Result
Home Science & Tech

Dark matter

February 2, 2021
in Science & Tech
Reading Time: 4 mins read
0
Dark matter
358
VIEWS
Share on WhatsAppShare on TelegramShare on Facebook
image_pdfMake PDF

In News:  Scientists from the University of Sussex have found a new way to know more about dark matter.

News About

  • Around 95 percent of the Universe is unknown to human beings. It is often referred to as dark which has nothing to do with the colour of any substance but to do with the unknown nature of cosmic entities known as dark matter and dark energy.

What New ?

  • The range they have established — 10^-3 electron-volts to 10^7 electron-volts — is far smaller than the earlier known range of 10^-24 electron-volt to 10^19 giga electron-volt.
  • This is the first time anyone has thought of using what we know about quantum gravity to calculate the mass range for dark matter

What Does Research Say ?

  • Scientists carried out the research using quantum gravity, a field of study that tries to combine two of Einstein’s concepts — quantum physics and general relativity theory of gravity.
  • Calmet and Kuipers research shows that the dark matter particles can neither be super light nor super heavy unless there is a force acting on it that is yet unknown.

Key Points

  • Scientists estimate that roughly 68 per cent of the Universe is made up of dark energy which is responsible for the accelerated expansion of the Universe. 
  • Another 27 per cent is dark matter whose existence was inferred from the observation that ordinary matter in galaxies, including the Milky Way, is far less than that required by gravity to hold the galaxies together.
  • Dark matter’s gravitational effects are also necessary to explain the motions of clusters of galaxies and the structure of the entire Universe at the largest scale. 
  • On smaller scales, dark matter is too diffused to impact the motion of the Solar System, Earth or the origin and evolution of humans in any significant way.

Why does ‘Dark Matter’ matter?

  • Dark matter’s gravitational effects are also necessary to explain the motions of clusters of galaxies and the structure of the entire Universe at the largest scale.
  • On smaller scales, dark matter is too diffused to impact the motion of the Solar System, Earth or the origin and evolution of humans in any significant way.
  • But the nature of that dark matter is still unclear.

What Is Dark Matter ?

  • For the first 150 million years after the Big Bang, there were no galaxies or stars or planets, The universe was featureless
  • As time passed, the first stars formed. Stars collected into galaxies. 
    • Galaxies began to cluster together. 
    • Those clusters are made up of the galaxies and all the material between the galaxies. 
    • Clumps of matter smashed into each other, and the planets in our solar system began to form around the sun.
  • Something must hold our solar system, galaxies and clusters of galaxies together. And gravity is that “glue.
  • In some clusters, the space between galaxies is filled with gas so hot, scientists cannot see it using visible light telescopes. 
    • The gas only can be seen as X-rays or gamma rays. 
    • Scientists look at that gas and measure how much there is between galaxies in clusters. 
    • By doing this, they discovered that there must be five times more material in the clusters than we can detect. 
    • The invisible matter that we can’t detect is called “dark matter.”
  • The Swiss astronomer Fritz Zwicky first used the term “dark matter” in the 1930s. 
  • In the 1970s, U.S. astronomer Vera Rubin and her colleagues confirmed this result by studying galaxy rotation. 
    • They also discovered single galaxies, not just clusters, have more mass than their observable light suggested. 
    • The work of Rubin and her team helped to firmly establish the notion of dark matter.
  • In many ways, scientists know more about what dark matter is not, though they do have a few ideas about what it could be.
    • Dark matter possibly could be brown dwarfs, “failed” stars that never ignited because they lacked the mass needed to start burning. 
    • Dark matter could be white dwarfs, the remnants of cores of dead small- to medium-size stars. 
    • Or dark matter could be neutron stars or black holes, the remnants of large stars after they explode.
  • That’s what makes dark matter exciting: It’s still one of the great mysteries of science.
image_pdfMake PDF
Source: Down to Earth
Tags: Down to EarthPrelims

Related Posts

What is the Large Hadron Collider?

What is the Large Hadron Collider?

July 5, 2022
‘IDIOT’ syndrome

‘IDIOT’ syndrome

July 4, 2022
Fujian-new high tech aircraft carrier of China

Fujian-new high tech aircraft carrier of China

July 4, 2022
PSLV Orbital Experimental Module (POEM)

PSLV Orbital Experimental Module (POEM)

July 2, 2022
GEMCOVAC-19, India’s first mRNA Covid-19 vaccine

GEMCOVAC-19, India’s first mRNA Covid-19 vaccine

July 2, 2022
CAPSTONE, NASA’s new satellite

CAPSTONE, NASA’s new satellite

July 1, 2022
Microbialcreat composite

Microbialcreat composite

June 30, 2022
Psyche mission

Psyche mission

June 29, 2022
VL-SRSAM missile system

VL-SRSAM missile system

June 28, 2022
Wind Energy potential in India

Wind Energy potential in India

June 27, 2022
Please login to join discussion

Our Offline Classroom Student

PRELIMS 2021 POLITY QUESTIONS ANALYSED

https://youtu.be/5q8hBcRGhAs

PRELIMS 2021 HISTORY QUESTIONS ANALYSED

https://youtu.be/v0SIZ7SUybg

CONGRATULATIONS TO 2021 TOPPERS !!!

Rank 171 Kumar Shivashish
Rank 250 Sahithya
Rank 263 Sumit Kumar Thakur
Rank 311 Deepak Ramachandra Shet
Rank 455 Ravinandan B M

July 2022
MTWTFSS
 123
45678910
11121314151617
18192021222324
25262728293031
« Jun    

Browse by Category

  • Agriculture
  • Disaster Management
  • Economy
  • Environment
  • Ethics
  • Foreign Affairs
  • Geography
  • Governance
  • History
  • Law & Policy
  • Opinion
  • People in News
  • Places in News
  • Science & Tech
  • Security
  • Society
  • Sports
  • Uncategorized

Browse by Tags

AIR BBC Business Standard CNN Deccan Herald DownToEarth Down to Earth DTE Economic Times ET GS-1 GS-2 GS-3 GS-4 Hindustan Times IE India & the world Indian express India today Indiatoday Kurukshetra LiveMint Mains News Newspaper News Paper PIB PIB & The Hindu pre Prelims PRS India RSTV Science Reporter Survey The Hindu The Hindustan Times The India Express The Indian Express The New Indian Express Times of India TOI TOPPERS UNDP website Wikipedia Yojana
JournalsOfIndia

Our vision is to orient the readers to grasp the facts objectively and analyse critically. In the rush of reaching first to the readers, the websites miss the balanced opinion, which is the need of the hour. We aim to reach the readers with more crispness, preciseness and relevance. We bring the articles in UPSC way for the civil services aspirants and the Wisest Way for general readers.

Categories

  • Agriculture
  • Disaster Management
  • Economy
  • Environment
  • Ethics
  • Foreign Affairs
  • Geography
  • Governance
  • History
  • Law & Policy
  • Opinion
  • People in News
  • Places in News
  • Science & Tech
  • Security
  • Society
  • Sports
  • Uncategorized

Browse by Tag

AIR BBC Business Standard CNN Deccan Herald DownToEarth Down to Earth DTE Economic Times ET GS-1 GS-2 GS-3 GS-4 Hindustan Times IE India & the world Indian express India today Indiatoday Kurukshetra LiveMint Mains News Newspaper News Paper PIB PIB & The Hindu pre Prelims PRS India RSTV Science Reporter Survey The Hindu The Hindustan Times The India Express The Indian Express The New Indian Express Times of India TOI TOPPERS UNDP website Wikipedia Yojana

Newsletter

The most important UPSC news and events of the day.

Get Journals daily newsletter on your inbox.

© 2020 JournalsOfIndia - A free initiative by Manifest Team.

  • Login
  • Sign Up
  • Home
  • SNIPPETS
  • ARTICLES
  • BROWSE
  • DOWNLOADS
No Result
View All Result

© 2020 JournalsOfIndia - A free initiative by Manifest Team.

Welcome Back!

Login to your account below

Forgotten Password? Sign Up

Create New Account!

Fill the forms bellow to register

All fields are required. Log In

Retrieve your password

Please enter your username or email address to reset your password.

Log In