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Home Science & Tech

Brahmos missile

January 14, 2022
in Science & Tech
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Brahmos missile
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In news– India Successfully test fired an extended range sea-to-sea variant of the BrahMos supersonic cruise missile from the Indian Navy’s newly commissioned INS Visakhapatnam (newest indigenously-built guided missile destroyer) recently. 

About the Naval variant BrahMos missile-

  • It has the capability to hit sea-based targets beyond radar horizon.
  • It was deployed by the Navy on its warships first in 2005.
  • It was originally tested in October and December 2020 from the Navy’s indigenously-built stealth destroyer INS Chennai and Rajput-class destroyer INS Ranvijay, respectively.
  • This version was designed to launch either in a vertical or a horizontal mode from moving/stationary assets to target both land and sea targets. 
  • The missiles, fired at a speed of 2.8 Mach or nearly three times the speed of sound, significantly increase the capability of the ships in engaging long-range targets.
  • BrahMos missiles are designed and developed by BrahMos Aerospace, a joint venture company set up by Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) and Mashinostroyenia of Russia.
  • Originally introduced in 2001, variations of these supersonic missiles can be launched from submarines, ships, aircraft, and land platforms.
  • BrahMos missiles that fly almost three times the speed of sound at Mach 2.8, are being extended from the original 290-km to 350-400 km now.
  • India and Russia are also developing a new version of BrahMos with an 800-km strike range.

Difference between cruise missile and ballistic missile-

  • Cruise missiles are unmanned vehicles that are self propelled by jet engines, much like an airplane. They can be launched from ground, air, or sea platforms.
  • Ballistic missiles are powered initially by a rocket or series of rockets in stages, but then follow an unpowered trajectory that arches upwards before descending to reach its intended target.
  • A ballistic missile’s flight path is like a large arc up and back down again(parabolic path).
  • Ballistic missiles first came into use during World War II, when the Germans used a ballistic missile called the V-2 to attack London.

  • Ballistic missiles can cover large distances and are typically launched into a high suborbital spaceflight. And they have e three stages of flight: 
    • Boost Phase begins at launch.
    • Midcourse Phase begins after the rocket(s) stops firing. 
    • Terminal Phase begins when the detached warhead(s) reenter the Earth’s atmosphere and ends upon impact or detonation.
  • Unlike the long arcing trajectory of a ballistic missile, a cruise missile travels at lower altitudes and on far straighter trajectories. 
  • Nearly all of the longer-range ballistic missiles and various types of cruise missiles carry nuclear warheads.
  • Ballistic Missiles rely on earth for gravity targets, whereas cruise missiles don’t rely on the earth.
  • Examples of India’s Ballistic missiles– Agni-I,II and III), Prithvi-II and Danush.
  • Examples of India’s Cruise missiles- Prahar, BrahMos(I & II), Nirbhay etc.

Further reading: https://journalsofindia.com/brahmos-missile/

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Source: Indian Express
Tags: News PaperPrelims

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