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Home Science & Tech

Biofuels

April 15, 2020
in Science & Tech
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Why in news?

New targets have been set under the national policy of biofuels

What are they?

  • Biofuels are fuels made directly or indirectly from organic material, such as compost, which includes plant materials and animal waste.
  • Overall, around 10 percent of the world’s total energy demand is bioenergy.
  • Biofuels may be rigid, gaseous or liquid.
  • These can also be derived from crop residues, forestry products, farming products etc..

Types

There are four generations of biofuel:

  • Biofuels of the first generation are also known as conventional biofuels. They’re made of sugar, starch or vegetable petroleum (all these are food products).
  • Non-food crops are used in the production of 2nd generation biofuels.
  • Biofuels of second generation are commonly called “advanced biofuels.”
  • Biofuels of third generation are algae-based biofuels which do not require cultivable land.
  • Proposed fourth generation fuels are extension of third generation algal biofuels which has an added feature of carbon capture (CO2) ability.

Benefits:

  • Remove our reliance on fossil fuels, thus reducing our dependence on imports.
  • This cleans up the environment with fewer GHG emissions.
  • Elements such as discarded cooking oil, municipal waste and other problems will get solved.
  • This sector has the potential to create opportunities and provide employment for hundreds of people through different development segments.

 

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Tags: Prelims

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