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Recently, the Prime Minister greeted people of Arunachal Pradesh on 35th statehood day
About Arunachal Pradesh
- Arunachal Pradesh literally “land of dawn-lit mountains” is a state in situated in the north eastern part of India is 83,743 sq km in area
- It is the largest state area wise in the north-eastern region, even larger than Assam which is the most populous.
- The state is also known as the Orchid State of India or the Paradise of the Botanists.
- Capital: Itanagar
- Location: It borders the states of Assam and Nagaland to the south. It shares international borders with Bhutan in the west, Myanmar in the east, and a disputed border with China in the north at the McMahon Line.
Evolution of the state:
- It became a full-fledged State on February 20, 1987. Till 1972, it was known as the North-East Frontier Agency (NEFA).
- It gained Union Territory status on January 20, 1972 and was renamed as Arunachal Pradesh.
- On August 15, 1975 an elected Legislative Assembly was constituted and the first Council of Ministers assumed office. The first general election to the Assembly was held in February 1978.
Geography:
- The land of the state is mostly mountainous with Himalayan ranges along the northern borders criss-crossed with mountain ranges running north-south.
- These divide the State into five river valleys : the Kameng, the Subansiri, the Siang, the Lohit and the Tirap.
- All these rivers are fed by snows from the Himalayas and countless rivers and rivulets except Tirap which is fed by Patkai Range.
Demography:
- Literacy rate: 66.95%As per 2011 census. The literate population is said to number 789,943.
- The number of literate males is 454,532 (73.69%) and the number of literate females is 335,411 (59.57%)
- Sex ratio: As per 2011 census it is 938/1000
- Total population of Arunachal Pradesh as per 2011 census is 1,383,727 of which male and female are 713,912 and 669,815 respectively.
Biodiversity:
- State Animal: Mithun (Bos Frontalis)
- State Bird: Hornbill
- State Orchid: Rhynchostylis Retusa
- National Parks: Mouling and Namdapha
- Wildlife Sanctuaries: Important Wildlife Sanctuaries of the state are; Dibang, Pakhui, Daying Ering, Mehao, Kamlang, Talley Valley and Chilka
- Orchid Sanctuary: One
- Biosphere Reserve: One(Dehang Dibang Biosphere Reserve)
Division of the state as per the tribals and their language:
There are 26 major tribes and more than 100 sub tribes in Arunachal Pradesh. The twelve tribes listed are: Adi (Abor), Aka, Apatani, Nyishi, Tagin, Galo, Khampti, Bugun (Khowa), Mishmi, Momba (Monpa-only nomadic tribe in Northeast India), “any Naga tribes”, Sherdukpen, Singpho.
Arunachal Pradesh can be roughly divided into a set of semi-distinct cultural spheres, on the basis of tribal identity, language, religion and material culture:
- The Tibetic-speaking Monpa area bordering Bhutan in the west
- The Tani area in the centre of the state
- The Mishmi area to the east of the Tani area
- The Tai/Singpho/Tangsa area bordering Myanmar, and
- The Naga area to the south, which also borders Myanmar.
- In between there are transition zones, such as the Aka/Hruso/Miji/Sherdukpen area, between the Tibetan Buddhist tribes and the animist Tani hill tribes.
- In addition, there are isolated peoples scattered throughout the state, such as the Sulung.
Major Festivals:
- Torgya:Torgya or Dung-gyur festival is one of the main festivals of the Monpa tribe celebrated in the monastery premises for peace, good health and general wellbeing of the people.
- Solung : Festival of the Adis tribe, a agro-based festival
- Siang River Festival: Promote ecotourism
- Pangsau Pass Winter Festival: Celebration of the ethnicity
- Ziro Festival of Music:
- Nyokum:Celebrating for the prosperity and harmony of the people,
- Lossar:It is the New Year festival of people of Mahayana Bhuddist of Geluk and Nyingma Sects of the great Himalayan belt
Source: Times of India
