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Home Science & Tech

Archaea

April 30, 2020
in Environment, Science & Tech
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Context: Scientists at the National Centre for Microbial Resource — National Centre for Cell Science (NCMR-NCCS) in Pune have reported a new archaeon which they discovered in Sambhar Salt Lake in Rajasthan

  • Archaea (singular archaeon) are a primitive group of microorganisms that thrive in extreme habitats such as hot springs, cold deserts and hypersaline lakes. 
  • These slow-growing organisms are also present in the human gut, and have a potential relationship with human health. 
  • They are known for producing antimicrobial molecules, and for anti-oxidant activity with applications in eco-friendly waste-water treatment.
  • Archaea are extremely difficult to culture due to challenges in providing natural conditions in a laboratory setting
  • Sambhar Lake is also a hypersaline ecosystem which provides an opportunity for microbial ecologists to understand organisms that thrive in such concentrations.
  • Based on the genome analysis, researchers found that the organism has potential gene clusters that helps maintain the metabolism of the archaea to survive in extreme harsh conditions. 
  • This particular organism also harbours specific pathways for DNA replication, recombination and repair.
  • The new archaeon has been named Natrialba swarupiae, after Dr Renu Swarup, secretary, Department of Biotechnology, 

Sambhar lake 

  • India’s largest inland salt lake
  • Sambhar has been designated as a Ramsar site (recognized wetland of international importance) because the wetland is a key wintering area for tens of thousands of pink flamingos and other birds that migrate from northern Asia and Siberia.
  • Recently witnessed mass bird deaths

 

Tags: Prelims

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