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Home Geography

Aravalli Range

March 31, 2021
in Geography
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Aravalli Range
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About Aravalli

  • The Aravallis of Northwestern India, one of the oldest fold mountains of the world, now form residual mountains with an elevation of 300m. to 900m. 
  • They stretch for a distance of 800 km. from Himmatnagar in Gujarat to Delhi, spanning Haryana, Rajasthan, Gujarat, and Delhi, the 692 kilometre (km).
  • It is the oldest fold of mountain ranges in the world stretching about 300 miles from the northeast to the southwest.
  • The Aravalli range is very rich in natural resources and gave rise to numerous peninsula rivers like Banas, Luni, Sakhi, and Sabarmati.
  • Guru Shikhar is the highest point in the range which is located in Mount Abu.
  • The Aravallis date back to millions of years when a pre-Indian subcontinent collided with the mainland Eurasian Plate. 

Significance of Aravalli

  • Barrier between the fertile plains in the east and the sandy desert in the west. 
  • Aravalli range checked the spread of the Thar desert towards the Indo-Gangetic plains, serving as a catchment of rivers and plains.
  • Rich in biodiversity and provides habitat to 300 native plant species, 120 bird species and many exclusive animals like the jackal and mongoose.
  • Aravallis function as a groundwater recharge zone for the regions around that absorb rainwater and revive the groundwater level.
  • During monsoons, it provides barrier and monsoon clouds move eastwards towards Shimla and Nainital, thus helping nurture the sub-Himalayan rivers and feeding the north Indian plains. 
  • During winter, it protects the fertile alluvial river valleys from the cold westerly winds from Central Asia.

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Source: DownToEarth
Tags: Down to EarthPrelims

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