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Home Science & Tech

Anti-biotic resistance in E-Coli

April 16, 2020
in Science & Tech
Reading Time: 2min read
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Why in news?

E Coli has been seeming to have developed antibiotic resistance.

What is E coli?

  • Escherichia coli is a bacterium that is an important aspect of human intestinal tract
  • Most E. coli are harmless bacteria and assist in everyday health but the ones that cause a problem are generally pathogenic, which cause illnesses such as diarrhoea, or even things outside the intestinal functions.
  • Usually, the E. coli that causes diarrhoea is transferred through food, water, or contact with animals/people who already have E. coli.
  • It enters the body through human or animal feces.

What is antibiotic resistance?

  • Antibiotics are medicines used to treat infections caused by bacteria.
  • Antibiotic Resistance refers to resistance developed by bacteria against antibiotics or the ability of bacteria to mutate or change so as to resist the effects of antibiotics.
  • Antibiotic resistance occurs naturally, but misuse of antibiotics in humans and animals is accelerating the process.
  • It is also accelerated by poor infection prevention and control.
  • A growing number of infections – such as pneumonia,tuberculosis, gonorrhoea, and salmonellosis – are becoming harder to treat as the antibiotics used to treat them become less effective.
  • Antibiotic resistance leads to longer hospital stays, higher medical costs and increased mortality.
  • WHO has formulated a “Global action plan on antimicrobial resistance” in May 2015.
  • It has 5 strategic objectives:
    • To improve awareness and understanding of antimicrobial resistance.
    • To strengthen surveillance and research.
    • To reduce the incidence of infection.
    • To optimize the use of antimicrobial medicines.
    • To ensure sustainable investment in countering antimicrobial resistance.

 

Tags: Prelims

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