COVID pandemic has affected the whole population irrespective of gender, religion and age. In this regard, one has to know the performance of different government schemes in 2020.
Dimensions
- RMNCAH+N
Content:
Reproductive, Maternal, Newborn, Child, Adolescent Health Plus Nutrition (RMNCAH+N):
Immunization-
- Electronic Vaccine Intelligence Network (eVIN) rollout: Till FY 2019-20, eVIN system was functional in 24 States/UTs and in FY 2020-21, eVIN has been expanded to the rest of the States/UTs to cover the entire country.
- Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine (PCV), till FY 2019-20 was available in Bihar, Himachal Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan and 19 Districts of Uttar Pradesh and Haryana.
- In FY 2020-21, PCV was expanded to all the Districts of UP, thus covering the entire State.
Maternal Health-
- As per the report of Sample Registration System (SRS) released in July 2020 by the Registrar General of India (RGI), Maternal Mortality Ratio (MMR) of India has declined from 122 per 100,000 live births in 2015-17 to 113 per 100,000 live births in 2016-18.
- Pradhan Mantri SurakshitMatritva Abhiyan (PMSMA): Since inception, more than 2.60 crore Ante-Natal Care (ANC) check-ups conducted, more than 19.61 lakhs High risk pregnancy identified and more than 6,000 volunteers registered under PMSMA.
- LaQshya: Since the inception (December 2017) 263 Labour Rooms and 229 Maternity OTs have achieved National Certification under LaQshya.
- Comprehensive Abortion Care (CAC): More than 14,500 MOs have been trained in CAC trainings upto June, 2020. Virtual training of trainers (ToT) on CAC has been conducted for Ladakh Union Territory in the month of November 2020.
Child Health-
Facility Based Newborn Care (FBNC) program:
- 894 Special Newborn Care Units (SNCUs) at District/ Medical College Level and 2,579 Newborn Stabilization Units (NBSUs) at the level of FRUs/ CHC levels are functional to provide services to sick and small newborns.
- The country has recently celebrated “National Newborn Week-2020” with the commitment of “Ensuring Quality, Equity and Dignity of Newborn Care at Every Health Facility and Everywhere”.
- Two very important harmonized training packages under Facility Based New-born Care Program – “Navjat Shishu Suraksha Karyakram (NSSK)” and “New-born Stabilization Units (NBSUs)” for capacity building of health care providers were released.
Intensified Diarrhoea Control Fortnight (IDCF), 2019:
- 10.01 crore children up to five years of age were provided with ORS and Zinc against the target of 13.37 crore children of the same age group.
National Deworming Day (NDD):
- During the 10th round of NDD conducted in February 2020, around 11.02 crore children in the age group of 1-19 years had been provided Albendazole tablets against the target of 11.66 crore children of the same age group.
- 11th round of NDD is being implemented in 34 States and UTs during the period of August-November, 2020.
Nearly 2.25 Lakhs Severe Acute Malnutrition (SAM) children with medical complications received treatment at 1,072 Nutrition Rehabilitation Centres during 2019-20. Around 17 Lactation Management Centres (LMCs) are established in 7 States.
Rashtriya Bal Swasthya Karyakram (RBSK):
- 19.31 Lakhs newborn screened at Delivery points under RBSK Program during April-September, 2020.
Social Awareness and Actions to Neutralize Pneumonia Successfully(SAANS):
- SAANS Campaign rolled-out in the States/ UTs from 12th November, 2020 – 28th February 2021 with aims at accelerating action against Childhood Pneumonia by generating awareness around protect, prevent and treatment aspects of Childhood Pneumonia and to enhance early identification and care seeking behaviours among parents and caregivers.
The Reproductive and Child Health (RCH) Programme was launched throughout the country on 15th October, 1997. This programme aimed at achieving a status in which women will be able to regulate their fertility, women will be able to go through their pregnancy and childbirth safely.
The second phase of RCH program i.e. RCH – II was launched on 1st April, 2005. The main objective of the program was to bring about a change in mainly three critical health indicators i.e. reducing total fertility rate, infant mortality rate and maternal mortality rate.
RMCH+A approach has been launched in 2013 and it essentially looks to address the major causes of mortality among women and children as well as the delays in accessing and utilizing health care and services.
The RMNCH+A strategic approach has been developed to provide an understanding of the ‘continuum of care’ to ensure equal focus on various life stages. It appropriately directs the States to focus their efforts on the most vulnerable population and disadvantaged groups in the country. It also emphasizes on the need to reinforce efforts in those poor performing districts that have already been identified as the high focus districts.
Objectives:
- Reduction of Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) to 25 per 1,000 live births by 2017
- Reduction in Maternal Mortality Ratio (MMR) to 100 per 100,000 live births by 2017
- Reduction in Total Fertility Rate(TFR) to 2.1 by 2017
Family planning-
Mission Parivar Vikas (MPV):
- MPV was launched in November 2016 for substantially increasing access to contraceptives and family planning services in 146 High Fertility Districts in seven high focus States with Total Fertility Rate (TFR) of 3 and above.
- These Districts are from the States of Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand and Assam which constitutes 44% of the country’s population.
- The performance in FY 2020-21 (upto November 2020) is as follows:
Number of Sterilizations – 34,633
Number of PPIUCD insertions – 1.38 lakh
Rashtriya Kishor Swasthya Karyakram (RKSK):
- 12.85 lakh adolescents received counselling and clinical services at Adolescent Friendly Health Clinics (AFHCs).
- 47.73 lakh adolescents had been provided Weekly Iron Folic Acid Supplementation (WIFS) every month besides Nutrition Health Education till October 2020.
- Significant progress has been made in implementation of the Peer Education program with selection of 78,098 Peer Educators in FY 2020-21.
- 10,934 Adolescent Health Days (AHDs), a quarterly village level activity to create awareness about adolescent health issues and available services were conducted till September 2020.
Pre-Conception and Pre-Natal Diagnostic Techniques (PC & PNDT):
- As per Quarterly Progress Report (QPR) of June 2020, submitted by the States/UTs, total 68,818 diagnostic facilities have been registered under the PC & PNDT Act.
- So far, a total of 2,220 machines have been sealed and seized for the violations of the law.
- With the continuous and consistent efforts of the Centre along with the cooperation of States and other stakeholders, the sex ratio at birth is beginning to show an upward increase.
Pre-Conception and Pre-Natal Diagnostic Techniques (PCPNDT) Act, 1994 is an Act of the Parliament of India enacted to stop female foeticides and arrest the declining sex ratio in India.
Objectives:
The main purpose of enacting the act is to ban the use of sex selection techniques before or after conception and prevent the misuse of prenatal diagnostic technique for sex selective abortion.
Main provisions in the act are:
- The Act provides for the prohibition of sex selection, before or after conception.
- It regulates the use of pre-natal diagnostic techniques, like ultrasound machine by allowing them their use only to detect :- genetic abnormalities, metabolic disorders, chromosomal abnormalities, certain congenital malformations, haemoglobinopathies, Sex linked disorders.
- No laboratory or centre or clinic will conduct any test including ultrasonography for the purpose of determining the sex of the foetus.
- No person, including the one who is conducting the procedure as per the law, will communicate the sex of the foetus to the pregnant woman or her relatives by words, signs or any other method.
- Any person who puts an advertisement for pre-natal and pre-conception sex determination facilities in the form of a notice, circular, label, wrapper or any document, or advertises through media can be imprisoned for up to three years and fined Rs. 10,000.
- What is RMNCAH +N? Assess the performance of different parameters of the programme.
Approach to the answer:
- Write about the RMNCAH +N programme
- Put subheadings and briefly write how the sub schemes have performed
- Conclude on a positive note
