- Released by– United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) and the Oxford Poverty and Human Development Initiative
- It measures multiple deprivations in the same households in education, health and living standards on the basis of 10 indicators. A person is identified as multi-dimensionally poor (or ‘MPI poor’) if deprived in at least one third of the dimensions.
- These 10 indicators are—
Highlights of recent report
- In the 101 countries assessed– 31 low income, 68 middle income and 2 high income –about 1.3 billion people are “multidimensionally poor”.
- Incidence of multidimensional poverty almost halved between 2005-06 and 2015-16, climbing down to 27.5%, indicating that the number of poor people in India fell by more than 271 million within ten years
- Bihar was still the poorest state in 2015- 16, with more than half of its population living in poverty.
- In 2015-16, the four poorest states – Bihar, Jharkhand, Uttar Pradesh, and Madhya Pradesh – were home to 196 million multidimensional poor people – over half of all the people living in multidimensional poverty in India.
- The poorest groups (Muslims and Scheduled Tribes) reduced poverty the most over the ten years from 2005-06 to 2015-16.
- While 80% of those who identified themselves as being in a Scheduled Tribe had been poor in 2005-06, in 2015-16, 50% of people belonging to Scheduled Tribes were still poor.
- The poorest district is Alirajpur in Madhya Pradesh, where 76.5% of people are poor – the same as Sierra Leone in Sub-Saharan Africa. Only eight countries have higher rates of MPI.